Solutions, Government, Medicare appeals & MA

One cite from the reversal

Medicare appeals run a five-level ladder (redetermination, reconsideration, ALJ, MAC, federal court), each with its own evidentiary rules, deadlines and reversal patterns. Owl reads the medical record, the LCD/NCD, the plan and the appeal, walks the ladder, and says: overturn, escalate, or pay.

Recovery curve, Appeal-stage reversal probability, 2024 cohort0 → 5 days
This file, day 2P50 RTW, day 3

L1 L3

Highest reversal probability

58% / L3 ALJ

Average ALJ reversal rate

$0

Cost of conceding correctly at L1

03A real claim, walked end to end

One appeal: a denied skilled-nursing claim where Jimmo changes everything.

Anonymized composite: Medicare Advantage member, age 78, post-stroke, denied SNF days 21-100 for "lack of progress."

Appeal #
GM-2025-021188
Issue
SNF denial, days 21-100
Member
78F, post-CVA
Stage
L1 redetermination
Recommendation
Overturn at L1
OwlVision
What it read
SNF medical record + therapy notes
184 pp
Read: Maintenance care documented
MA plan EOC + denial letter
62 pp
Read: Improvement std. cited
LCD + Jimmo Settlement materials
38 pp
Read: Standard misapplied
Appellant argument (member rep)
6 pp
Read: Cites Jimmo
Prior MA plan precedent (this contract)
22 pp
Read: 4 prior reversals
Structured extraction
Member 78F, MA HMO. Post-CVA SNF days 21-100. PT/OT notes show maintenance-level functional support, no improvement plateau. MA plan denial cites "lack of improvement", a standard expressly disallowed by Jimmo Settlement (2013). Documentation supports skilled maintenance therapy under 42 CFR 409.32. L1 reversal warranted.
OwlSignal
What the world said about the claimant

External data only. None of this lives in your CMS. Owl gathered it from public records, professional networks, registries and the open web, then resolved it to this claimant.

JMO-01
Jimmo Settlement: improvement standard prohibited

The Jimmo v. Sebelius settlement (2013, reaffirmed 2017) prohibits Medicare from requiring "improvement" as a condition of skilled SNF or home-health coverage. Skilled maintenance therapy is covered when the skill of a therapist is required to maintain function or prevent decline. Plan denial cites the prohibited standard verbatim.

Jimmo Settlement 2013CMS MM8458Medicare Benefit Policy Manual Ch 8
PLN-04
MA plan: 4 prior L1 reversals on this issue

In Owl’s tracking of this MA contract, four prior denials on the identical Jimmo-improvement-standard issue have been overturned at L1 redetermination in the last 18 months. Reversal at L1 is consistent with this plan’s own appeals history.

Owl MA-plan appeal-outcome graphCMS plan-finder appeal dataInternal redetermination ledger
CMS-09
CMS Workplan focus: improvement-standard denials

CMS 2025 Workplan and OIG audit priorities include MA-plan compliance with Jimmo. Persistent denial under the improvement standard is an audit-flag risk for the contract; reversing at L1 reduces audit and CMP exposure.

CMS 2025 WorkplanOIG annual WorkplanCMP precedent, Jimmo-related
EVD-12
Therapy documentation: skill-required threshold met

PT/OT notes document skilled maintenance: gait training with cuing, transfer training, balance interventions requiring therapist judgment. Falls below "improvement" but well above "unskilled" maintenance. Meets 42 CFR 409.32 skill-required threshold.

42 CFR 409.32CMS Pub 100-02 Ch 8PT/OT progress notes
OwlAssist
What it answered
Examiner asked
Should we overturn at L1, or hold to L3 ALJ?
Owl answered in 0.8s

Overturn at L1. Three reasons. (1) The denial cites the Jimmo-prohibited improvement standard verbatim; at ALJ, this is a near-certain reversal (Owl tracks 91% reversal rate on this exact pattern). (2) This MA contract has overturned four prior identical denials at L1 in the last 18 months; the precedent is internal. (3) CMS 2025 Workplan flags this as audit-priority; holding to L3 raises audit and CMP exposure. Recommend full overturn at L1 with cited reasoning, plus a remediation note for the contract’s denial-template language.

Jimmo Settlement 2013Owl MA appeal-outcome graphCMS 2025 Workplan42 CFR 409.32
Examiner asked
Draft the redetermination decision letter.
Owl answered in 0.7s

Draft prepared. Decision: favorable to appellant. Rationale (member-readable): "We reviewed your appeal of the denial of skilled nursing facility days 21-100. The original decision said you were not getting better. Under the Medicare rules established by the Jimmo Settlement (2013), Medicare must cover skilled care that is needed to maintain your function or prevent decline, not only care that produces improvement. Your therapy records show that the skill of a therapist was required for your gait, transfer, and balance training. We are reversing the denial. Days 21-100 are covered." Provider-side and CMS-format versions also drafted.

Jimmo Settlement 2013CMS MM8458Member-readable language standard42 CFR 422.568
04OwlSignal external data

What the world says about your Medicare claimants, none of which lives in your CMS.

Internal claim data is half the picture: it tells you what the claimant told you. OwlSignal continuously gathers external data (public records, professional and corporate registries, court dockets, social and open web) and matches it back to the claimant. These are the families that move the needle on Medicare.

LCDLCDs, NCDs, Coverage Manuals

Every Local Coverage Determination, National Coverage Determination, and CMS Internet-Only Manual chapter, walked element-by-element on every appeal.

CMS LCD/NCD databaseCMS IOM (Pub 100-01 → 100-08)MAC LCD libraries
APLAppeal Outcomes Graph

Owl’s cross-MA-plan + Original-Medicare appeal-outcome graph (4.8M tracked appeals): reversal rate by issue, by stage, by plan contract, by ALJ.

CMS appeals data (public)Owl appeal-outcomes graphOMHA ALJ disposition data
CMSCMS Workplan + OIG

CMS annual Workplan, OIG Workplan, RAC focus areas, MA audit-priority topics, and CMP precedent on plan-side denial behavior.

CMS annual WorkplanOIG annual WorkplanRAC focus-area list
PRCBVA + Federal Court Precedent

Departmental Appeals Board decisions, Medicare Appeals Council remand patterns, and federal-court Medicare precedent (Jimmo, Wilkes, Ortiz, etc.), read once, applied on every appeal.

DAB decisionsMAC remand corpusFederal Medicare precedent
PLNMA Plan EOCs + Network

Every Medicare Advantage plan’s Evidence of Coverage, formulary, network rules, prior-auth list, and the per-contract reversal-rate Owl tracks for examiner targeting.

MA EOC libraryMA plan-finder dataOwl per-contract reversal-rate
EVDClinical Evidence + Documentation

CMS skilled-care criteria, therapy documentation standards, MOON/IMM notice rules, and the documentation patterns that distinguish skilled from unskilled care defensibly.

42 CFR 409 + 410CMS Pub 100-02 Ch 8Owl skilled-care evidence corpus
Refreshed daily, matched by identity-resolution, every observation cited to its source.
05What changes

Numbers from MA plans and appeal vendors running Owl on Medicare appeals in production.

MetricWithout OwlWith Owl
L1 redetermination cycle time21 days4 days
L1 overturn rate, cited + defensible14%46%
L3 ALJ surprise-reversals38%7%
Cost per appeal packet$420$58
CMS audit-ready citation rate52%99%
Member-readable language compliancemanual reviewautomatic
Source: rolling 12-month average across 3 MA plans + 2 appeal vendors, n = 124K appeals.

Built for the regulatory shape of Medicare.

07Integrations

Lives where your Medicare files live.

MA core admin

HealthEdge HealthRules, Trizetto Facets, ikaSystems

Appeals platforms

MCG, InterQual, Cohere, in-house

Records intake

MRO, Verisma, Datavant, ChartRequest

CMS systems

HPMS, CMS appeals portal (per plan policy)

Document intake

Box, OnBase, ImageRight

Identity & SSO

Okta, Azure AD, PingFederate, SAML, SCIM

08Get started

Bring us a quarter of Medicare appeals. We’ll show you the L1 reversals on day one.

Two-week pilot. Your appeals stream, your tenant, your plan EOC. We measure cycle time, L1 overturn rate, ALJ surprise-reversal rate and audit-readiness against your own ground truth.